{"componentChunkName":"component---src-templates-post-template-js","path":"/posts/en/2016-07-11-generic-function-called-max/","webpackCompilationHash":"a3ac22c47fe06e2afd02","result":{"data":{"markdownRemark":{"id":"b4539269-0a27-553b-a43f-901d1ba510ca","html":"<h3 id=\"problem\"><a href=\"#problem\" aria-label=\"problem permalink\" class=\"anchor\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>Problem</h3>\n<p>You want to create a generic function that converts a function to a function that can be called at most n times.</p>\n<h3 id=\"ingredients\"><a href=\"#ingredients\" aria-label=\"ingredients permalink\" class=\"anchor\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>Ingredients</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>a closure</li>\n<li>the <code class=\"language-text\">apply</code> method</li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"directions\"><a href=\"#directions\" aria-label=\"directions permalink\" class=\"anchor\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>Directions</h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>Given: a function that executes only once (based on <a href=\"%7B%25%20post_url%202016-07-06-function-called-once%20%25%7D\">recipe 14</a>) and\nanother function (<code class=\"language-text\">printSomething()</code>) that should be converted.</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">once</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">fn</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token function\">fn</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">printSomething</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  console<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'something'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> printSomethingMaxFive <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>printSomething<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should print \"something\"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should print \"something\"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should print \"something\"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should print \"something\"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should print \"something\"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should do nothing</span></code></pre></div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Add a parameter (<code class=\"language-text\">max</code>) that contain the maximum number of times the function should be called\n(and rename the function to <code class=\"language-text\">max()</code>).</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">max</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">fn<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token function\">fn</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></code></pre></div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Change the <code class=\"language-text\">called</code> variable to contain a number.</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">max</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">fn<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token function\">fn</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></code></pre></div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Inside the closure check if <code class=\"language-text\">called</code> is greater than <code class=\"language-text\">max</code>.</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">max</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">fn<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">>=</span> max <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token function\">fn</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></code></pre></div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Inside the closure (i.e., when the function is called) increase the <code class=\"language-text\">called</code> variable.</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">max</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">fn<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">>=</span> max <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>called<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token function\">fn</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></code></pre></div>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>Voilá, now if <code class=\"language-text\">printSomethingMaxFive()</code> is called more than 5 times, it simply does nothing.</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">max</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">fn<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">>=</span> max <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>called<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token function\">fn</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">printSomething</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  console<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'something'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> printSomethingMaxFive <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>printSomething<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should print \"something\"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should print \"something\"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should print \"something\"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should print \"something\"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should print \"something\"</span>\n<span class=\"token function\">printSomethingMaxFive</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>  <span class=\"token comment\">// Should do nothing</span></code></pre></div>\n</li>\n</ol>\n<h3 id=\"variants\"><a href=\"#variants\" aria-label=\"variants permalink\" class=\"anchor\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>Variants</h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>If you don’t need the context when the function is executed, you can also (1) use arrow functions,\n(2) call the given function directly, (3) use rest parameters and (4) omit the <code class=\"language-text\">return</code> keyword from the closure.</p>\n<div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">max</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">fn<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> called <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\"><span class=\"token operator\">...</span>args</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    called <span class=\"token operator\">>=</span> max <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>called<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token function\">fn</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">...</span>args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></code></pre></div>\n</li>\n</ol>\n<h3 id=\"alternative-recipes\"><a href=\"#alternative-recipes\" aria-label=\"alternative recipes permalink\" class=\"anchor\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a>Alternative recipes</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Use a <a href=\"%7B%25%20post_url%202016-07-06-function-called-once%20%25%7D\">self-defining function</a>.</li>\n</ul>","fields":{"slug":"/posts/en/2016-07-11-generic-function-called-max/","tagSlugs":["/tag/java-script/"]},"frontmatter":{"date":"2016-07-11T08:00:00.000Z","description":null,"tags":["JavaScript"],"title":"Create a generic function to create functions that can be called at most n times"}}},"pageContext":{"isCreatedByStatefulCreatePages":false,"slug":"/posts/en/2016-07-11-generic-function-called-max/"}}}